{"id":16329,"date":"2024-09-19T09:51:42","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T07:51:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.shimadzu-testing.com\/?p=16329"},"modified":"2025-02-05T11:17:42","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T10:17:42","slug":"3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-animpact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-barmethod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/en\/know-how\/high-speed-video-camera\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-animpact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-barmethod\/","title":{"rendered":"3D-DIC Analysis of a Metal Specimen Following an Impact Compression Test by the Hopkinson Bar Method"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"16329\" class=\"elementor elementor-16329\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e15197 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4e15197\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8791d81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8791d81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUnderstanding the properties of materials is important\nin designing products. For this reason, there are various\ntesting standards such as tensile testing, compression\ntesting, and bend testing. Regarding transport aircraft,\nthe possibility of sustaining impact loads must be taken\ninto account, meaning that in order to accurately\nunderstand the properties of a material, impact properties\nmust be grasped in addition to static properties. In\nparticular, impact testing is necessary since the stressstrain\ncharacteristics of a material may differ between\nwhen it is subjected to a static load and when it is\nsubjected to an impact load. The Hopkinson bar method\nis one method for impact testing. Proposed by Bertram\nHopkinson, this method deforms a specimen by impact.\nA striker bar is fired against an input bar by a bar launcher,\ntransmitting a compressive elastic wave through the\ninput bar to apply a sudden force to the specimen which\nis contacting the input bar.1) A schematic of the\nHopkinson bar method is illustrated in Fig. 1.\nIn this study, an impact compression test was\nconducted on an aluminum alloy specimen by the\nHopkinson bar method. The strain distribution on the\nsurface of the specimen was visualized by recording\nthe test with two HPVTM-X2 high-speed video cameras\n(hereinafter referred to as HPV-X2) and performing 3D\ndigital image correlation (DIC) analysis.*1\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc5b39e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc5b39e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t*1 DIC analysis<br>\nThis technique compares a random pattern on the surface of an\nobject before and after the object is deformed to investigate the\namount of pattern movement. The random pattern used here\nwas printed on a transfer sticker and the sticker was attached\nonto the surface of the specimen.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8c5eeb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a8c5eeb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>Measurement System<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Recording an impact compression test from two\ndirections using two HPV-X2 high-speed video cameras\nenables three-dimensional displacement measurement.\nSince a cylindrical specimen was used in this study, a\nthree-dimensional displacement measurement was\nrequired. Accordingly, the test was recorded\nsynchronously from two directions. Figs. 2 and 3 show\nthe observation and test setup. The equipment used for\nrecording the test is shown in Table 1. The video\nrecorded by the HPV-X2 cameras were analyzed using\nthe VIC-3D DIC software to determine strain distribution.\nSince VIC-3D can control HPV-X2 cameras, calibration\nand analysis can be performed easily.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-413e636 e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"413e636\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2206f5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2206f5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig2-setup-of-recording-equipment.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig2-setup-of-recording-equipment\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Fig. 2 Setup of Recording Equipment\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTYzMzAsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9zaGltYWR6dS10ZXN0aW5nLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNFwvMDlcLzNkLWRpYy1hbmFseXNpcy1vZi1hLW1ldGFsLXNwZWNpbWVuLWZvbGxvd2luZy1hbi1pbXBhY3QtY29tcHJlc3Npb24tdGVzdC1ieS10aGUtaG9wa2luc29uLWJhci1tZXRob2QtZmlnMi1zZXR1cC1vZi1yZWNvcmRpbmctZXF1aXBtZW50LmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"762\" height=\"568\" src=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig2-setup-of-recording-equipment.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-16330\" alt=\"Fig. 2 Setup of Recording Equipment\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 2 Setup of Recording Equipment<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f029c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7f029c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig3-test-setup-with-specimen-inserted.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig3-test-setup-with-specimen-inserted\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Fig. 3 Test Setup with Specimen Inserted\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTYzMzEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9zaGltYWR6dS10ZXN0aW5nLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNFwvMDlcLzNkLWRpYy1hbmFseXNpcy1vZi1hLW1ldGFsLXNwZWNpbWVuLWZvbGxvd2luZy1hbi1pbXBhY3QtY29tcHJlc3Npb24tdGVzdC1ieS10aGUtaG9wa2luc29uLWJhci1tZXRob2QtZmlnMy10ZXN0LXNldHVwLXdpdGgtc3BlY2ltZW4taW5zZXJ0ZWQuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig3-test-setup-with-specimen-inserted.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-16331\" alt=\"Fig. 3 Test Setup with Specimen Inserted\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 3 Test Setup with Specimen Inserted<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efdf405 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"efdf405\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>Measurement Results<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The test was recorded at 500,000 frames per second.\nFig. 4 shows the results of 3D-DIC analysis. The analysis\nresults indicate strain in the test direction. Since the\nspecimen was compressed while constrained by the\ninput bar and the output bar, strain in the tensile\ndirection, though slight, is observed at both ends of the\nspecimen. The results also show that as the test\nprogressed, strain in the compression direction\nconcentrated at the top of the specimen. This indicates\nthat this test turned out not to be a genuine\ncompression test and deformation was concentrated\non one side.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14438ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14438ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>Two HPV-X2 high-speed cameras were used for 3D-DIC\nanalysis of a compression test by the Hopkinson bar\nmethod. In order to conduct a 3D-DIC analysis of an\nimpact test, high-speed cameras that have a high\nrecording speed and high resolution while also capable\nof synchronized recording from two directions are\nnecessary. Equipped with all these features, the HPV-X2\nis the optimal high-speed video camera for 3D-DIC\nanalyses of impact tests.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cad14a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1cad14a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig4-results-of-3D-DIC-analysis-time-interval-between-images-32-\u03bcs.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig4-results-of-3D-DIC-analysis-time-interval-between-images-32-\u03bcs\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Fig. 4 Results of 3D-DIC Analysis (Time interval between images: 32 \u03bcs)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTYzMzIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9zaGltYWR6dS10ZXN0aW5nLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNFwvMDlcLzNkLWRpYy1hbmFseXNpcy1vZi1hLW1ldGFsLXNwZWNpbWVuLWZvbGxvd2luZy1hbi1pbXBhY3QtY29tcHJlc3Npb24tdGVzdC1ieS10aGUtaG9wa2luc29uLWJhci1tZXRob2QtZmlnNC1yZXN1bHRzLW9mLTNELURJQy1hbmFseXNpcy10aW1lLWludGVydmFsLWJldHdlZW4taW1hZ2VzLTMyLVx1MDNiY3MuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method-fig4-results-of-3D-DIC-analysis-time-interval-between-images-32-\u03bcs-1024x426.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-16332\" alt=\"Fig. 4 Results of 3D-DIC Analysis (Time interval between images: 32 \u03bcs)\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 4 Results of 3D-DIC Analysis (Time interval between images: 32 \u03bcs)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-103cacb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"103cacb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe test was recorded in collaboration with the Structural Mechanics Laboratory in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science\nand Engineering at Ritsumeikan University. <br> <br>\nReference<br>\n1) Kichinosuke Tanaka and Yoji Adachi, Aeronautical and Space Sciences Japan, Volume 21, Issue 230 (1973) <br>\nHPV is a trademark of Shimadzu Corporation.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f5d236 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8f5d236\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73eecaa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"73eecaa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6878ff6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6878ff6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Download<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bf12d7 downloads-liste elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2bf12d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/high-speed-video-camera-3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-an-impact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-bar-method.pdf\">Application: 3D-DIC Analysis of a Metal Specimen Following an Impact Compression Test by the Hopkinson Bar Method<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af1c544 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"af1c544\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0b45c7 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a0b45c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/tensile-test-of-plastics-with-automatic-extensometer.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Tensile Test of Plastic with Extensometer (PDF)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding the properties of materials is important in designing products. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16333,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[340,357],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-high-speed-video-camera","category-hpv-x2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>3D-DIC Analysis of Metal Impact Compression | Shimadzu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore Shimadzu&#039;s 3D-DIC analysis of metal specimens under impact compression using the Hopkinson Bar Method and HPV-X2 high-speed cameras.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/shimadzu-testing.com\/en\/know-how\/high-speed-video-camera\/3d-dic-analysis-of-a-metal-specimen-following-animpact-compression-test-by-the-hopkinson-barmethod\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"3D-DIC Analysis of Metal Impact Compression | Shimadzu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Explore Shimadzu&#039;s 3D-DIC analysis of metal specimens under impact compression using the Hopkinson Bar Method and HPV-X2 high-speed cameras.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" 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